The University of Texas at Dallas - Center for BrainHealth

Dementia

Did you know?

  • Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia.
  • Depression can mimic dementia in the elderly.
  • The prevalence of dementia is increasing.
  • A history of cardiovascular disease is a risk factor for dementia.

Center for BrainHealth Programs

UT Dallas Center for BrainHealth performs cutting edge cognitive-linguistic evaluations.  These evaluations assess areas of strength and weakness and provide important information into the diagnostic process as well as assist individuals and caregivers with recommendations and environmental modifications to enhance quality of life.

About Dementia

Dementia is a non-specific term that describes several types of diseases occurring in the brain, including Alzheimer’s disease, where one has a progressive decline in memory or other cognitive function that affects an individual’s ability to work or socialize.  There are numerous types of dementia, some of which are reversible.  Causes of a reversible dementia can include hypothyroidism and a deficiency in Vitamins B12, A, or B1.  Additionally, depression in the elderly causes a cognitive decline that often can be mistaken for dementia, called pseudodementia.  Therefore it is important to have any concerns evaluated to determine the cause and appropriate treatment. 

There are several types of dementia and therefore a wide variety of symptoms.  Some of the more common symptoms are listed below; however, not all individuals with dementia will experience each of these symptoms:

  • Decline in short term memory
  • Changes in language
  • Impaired comprehension
  • Difficulty saying and understanding familiar words
  • Change in motor skills
  • Decline in problem solving abilities
  • Change in behavior

Treatment

An evaluation should include a clinical interview with the patient as well as an additional source, such as a family member or close friend.  The purpose of the interview is to provide information regarding current concerns, medical history, and examples of memory loss and functional decline in areas such as problem-solving, household chores, and hobbies.  The evaluation can also include cognitive testing, often performed by a neuropsychologist or cognitive-communication specialist, laboratory tests, and brain imaging. 

Treatment for dementia can vary depending on the nature of the dementia.  Treatments can include medications as well as behavioral modifications such as exercise and diet.